I-Antminer T19 ka-Bitmain ingase ingabi nomthelela omkhulu kunethiwekhi ye-Bitcoin, futhi iphuma phakathi nokungaqiniseki kwefemu kwangaphakathi nokwehliswa kwesigamu.

Ngasekuqaleni kwaleli sonto, i-Chinese mining-hardware juggernaut Bitmain yethule umkhiqizo wayo omusha, isifunda esihlanganisiwe esikhethekile esibizwa nge-Antminer T19.Iyunithi yezimayini ye-Bitcoin (BTC) ingeyakamuva ukujoyina isizukulwane esisha sama-ASIC - imishini esezingeni eliphezulu eklanyelwe ukunciphisa ubunzima obukhulayo bezimayini ngokwandisa ukuphuma kwe-terahashes ngomzuzwana.

II-Antminer T19Isimemezelo siza phakathi nokungaqiniseki kwangemva kwesigamu futhi silandela izinkinga zakamuva zenkampani ngamayunithi ayo e-S17.Ngakho-ke, ingabe lo mshini omusha ungasiza i-Bitmain ukuthi iqinise isikhundla sayo esine-hobbled emkhakheni wezimayini?

Ngokwesimemezelo esisemthethweni, i-Antminer T19 ifaka isivinini sezimayini esingu-84 TH/s kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamandla ka-37.5 joules nge-TH.Ama-chips asetshenziswe kudivayisi entsha afana nalawo afakwe ku-Antminer S19 kanye ne-S19 Pro, nakuba isebenzisa inguqulo entsha ye-APW12 yesistimu yokuphakelwa kwamandla evumela idivayisi ukuthi iqale ngokushesha.

I-Bitmain ivamise ukumaketha amadivaysi ayo e-Antminer T njengalawo angabizi kakhulu, kuyilapho amamodeli we-S-series ethulwa njengenhla komugqa mayelana nokukhiqiza kwesizukulwane sabo, uJohnson Xu - inhloko yocwaningo nokuhlaziya ku-Tokensight - wachaza kuCointelegraph.Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-F2Pool, elinye lamachibi amakhulu ezimayini e-Bitcoin, i-Antminer T19s ingakhiqiza inzuzo engu-$3.97 usuku ngalunye, kuyilapho i-Antminer S19s kanye ne-Antminer S19 Pros bengathola u-$4.86 no-$6.24, ngokulandelana, ngokusekelwe esilinganisweni sezindleko zikagesi ezingu-$0.05 nge-kilowatt- ngayinye- ihora.

Ama-Antminer T19s, adla ama-watts angu-3,150, athengiswa ngo-$1,749 iyunithi ngayinye.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imishini ye-Antminer S19, ibiza u-$1,785 futhi idla ama-watts angu-3,250.Amadivayisi we-Antminer S19 Pro, asebenza kahle kakhulu kwamathathu, abiza kakhulu futhi abiza u-$2,407.Isizathu sokuthi i-Bitmain ikhiqize enye imodeli yochungechunge lwe-19 kungenxa yalokho okwaziwa ngokuthi "i-binning" chips, uMarc Fresa - umsunguli wenkampani yezimayini yezimayini i-Asic.to - uchazele i-Cointelegraph:

“Uma ama-chips eklanywa enzelwe ukufinyelela amazinga athile okusebenza.Ama-chips ahlulekayo ukushaya izinombolo zawo eziqondiwe, njengokungafinyeleli izindinganiso zamandla noma ukuphuma kwawo kwe-thermal, ngokuvamile 'Aboshiwe.'Esikhundleni sokulahla lawa ma-chips emgqonyeni kadoti, lawa mashiphu athengiswa kwenye iyunithi enezinga lokusebenza eliphansi.Endabeni yama-chips e-Bitmain S19 anganqamuki abe esethengiswa ku-T19 ngemali eshibhile njengoba engasebenzi kahle njengozakwabo.”

Ukukhishwa kwemodeli entsha “akuhlangene neqiniso lokuthi imishini ayidayisi kahle,” uFresa waqhubeka nokuphikisana, ecaphuna ukungaqiniseki kwangemva kwesigamu: “Isizathu esikhulu kunazo zonke sokuthi imishini ayidayisi ngendlela abakhiqizi abangathanda ngayo. kungenxa yokuthi siseqophelweni elincane;Ukwehliswa kwesigamu kusanda kwenzeka, intengo ingahamba noma kunjalo futhi ubunzima buyaqhubeka nokwehla.”Ukuhlukahluka komkhiqizo kuyisu elivamile labakhiqizi bezingxenyekazi zezimayini, uma kubhekwa ukuthi amakhasimende athambekele ekuhloseni ukucaciswa okuhlukile, uKristy-Leigh Minehan, umxhumanisi wezimayini kanye nowayeyisikhulu esiphezulu sezobuchwepheshe be-Core Scientific, utshele iCointelegraph:

“Ama-ASIC awavumeli ngempela imodeli eyodwa njengoba abathengi belindele izinga elithile lokusebenza emshinini, futhi ngeshwa i-silicon akuyona inqubo ephelele - ezikhathini eziningi uzothola iqoqo elisebenza kangcono noma elibi kakhulu kunalokho obekulindelwe ngenxa yesimo izinto zokwakha.Ngakho, ugcina unezinombolo zamamodeli ahlukene angu-5–10.”

Akukacaci ukuthi amadivaysi ochungechunge lwe-19 asebenza kahle kangakanani ngoba awazange athunyelwe esikalini, njengoba u-Leo Zhang, umsunguli we-Anicca Research, afingqa engxoxweni ne-Cointelegraph.Iqoqo lokuqala lamayunithi e-S19 kubikwa ukuthi lathunyelwa cishe ngoMeyi 12, kuyilapho ukuthunyelwa kwe-T19 kuzoqala phakathi kukaJuni 21 noJuni 30. Kuyaphawuleka futhi ukuthi, ngalesi sikhathi, i-Bitmain ithengisa kuphela abavukuzi ababili be-T19 ngomsebenzisi ngamunye “ukuvimbela ukuqoqwa.”

Isizukulwane sakamuva se-Bitmain ASIC silandela ukukhishwa kwamayunithi we-S17, athole ukubuyekezwa okuxubile kokubi emphakathini.Ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, u-Arseniy Grusha, umsunguli we-crypto consulting kanye nenkampani yezimayini i-Wattum, udale iqembu leTelegram labathengi abanganelisekile ngamayunithi e-S17 abawathenge ku-Bitmain.Njengoba uGrusha echaze kuCointelegraph ngaleso sikhathi, kumadivayisi angu-420 Antminer S17+ inkampani yakhe eyawathenga, cishe u-30%, noma cishe imishini ye-130, kwavela amayunithi amabi.

Ngokufanayo, uSamson Mow, isikhulu samasu esiyinhloko senkampani yengqalasizinda ye-blockchain, i-Blockstream, ubhale ku-Twitter ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli ukuthi amakhasimende e-Bitmain anezinga lokuhluleka elingu-20% -30% nge-Antminer S17 kanye neyunithi ye-T17."Uchungechunge lwe-Antminer 17 ngokuvamile lubhekwa njengento enhle," kwengeza uZhang.Uphinde waphawula ukuthi inkampani yaseShayina yehardware kanye nesimbangi iMicro BT ibinyathela ezinzwaneni zeBitmain muva nje ngokukhululwa kochungechunge lwayo olukhiqiza kakhulu lwe-M30, olwenze iBitmain ukuthi iqinise imizamo yayo:

“I-Whatsminer ithole isabelo semakethe esibalulekile eminyakeni emibili edlule.Ngokusho kwe-COO yabo, ngo-2019 i-MicroBT ithengise ~ 35% we-hashrate yenethiwekhi.Akudingekile ukusho ukuthi i-Bitmain ingaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu kokubili kusuka kubancintisana nabo kanye nezombusazwe zangaphakathi.Sebenesikhathi besebenza ochungechungeni lwe-19.Imininingwane nentengo kubukeka kukhanga kakhulu.”

UMinehan ukuqinisekisile ukuthi i-MicroBT ibilokhu izuza emakethe, kodwa yenqaba ukusho ukuthi i-Bitmain ilahlekelwa isabelo semakethe ngenxa yalokho: "Ngicabanga ukuthi i-MicroBT inikeza inketho futhi iletha abahlanganyeli abasha, futhi inikeze amapulazi ukukhetha.Amapulazi amaningi azoba nakho kokubili i-Bitmain ne-MicroBT eceleni, esikhundleni sokusingatha umkhiqizi oyedwa kuphela. "

"Ngingasho ukuthi iMicroBT ithathe isabelo semakethe esikhona iKhanani esilishiyile," wengeza, ebhekisa komunye umdlali wezimayini ozinze eChina osanda kubika ukulahleka kwezigidi ezingama- $ 5.6 ngekota yokuqala ka-2020 futhi wehlisa intengo i-hardware yayo yezimayini kufika ku-50%.

Ngempela, eminye imisebenzi emikhulu ibonakala ihlukanisa imishini yayo ngamayunithi e-MicroBT.Ngasekuqaleni kwaleli sonto, inkampani yezimayini yase-United States iMarathon Patent Group imemezele ukuthi isifake ama-700 Whatsminer M30S+ ASIC akhiqizwa yi-MicroBT.Kodwa-ke, kubikwa ukuthi ilinde ukulethwa kwamayunithi ayi-1,160 e-Antminer S19 Pro akhiqizwe yi-Bitmain, okusho ukuthi futhi ihlala ithembekile kumholi wemakethe wamanje.

Izinga le-hashi le-Bitcoin lehla ngo-30% ngokushesha ngemva kokwehliswa kwesigamu njengoba izinto eziningi zesizukulwane esidala zingenanzuzo ngenxa yokwanda kobunzima bezimayini.Lokho kugqugquzele abavukuzi ukuthi bahlele kabusha, bathuthukise izinsimbi zabo zamanje futhi badayise imishini emidala ezindaweni lapho ugesi ushibhile khona - okusho ukuthi abanye babo kudingeke banqamule isikhashana.

Isimo sizinzile kusukela lapho, nezinga le-hashi liguquguquka cishe ku-100 TH/s ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule.Abanye ochwepheshe bathi lokho kubangelwa ukuqala kwenkathi yemvula e-Sichuan, isifundazwe sase-China esiseningizimu-ntshonalanga lapho abavukuzi basebenzisa khona amanani aphansi kagesi ophehlwa ngamanzi phakathi kukaMeyi no-Okthoba.

Ukufika kwesizukulwane esisha sama-ASIC kulindeleke ukuthi kukhuphule izinga le-hashi, okungenani uma amayunithi athuthukisiwe etholakala kabanzi.Ngakho-ke, ingabe imodeli ye-T19 esanda kuvezwa izoba nomthelela esimweni senethiwekhi?

Ochwepheshe bayavuma ukuthi ngeke kuthinte izinga le-hash ngezinga elikhulu, njengoba kuyimodeli ephansi yokukhiphayo uma kuqhathaniswa nochungechunge lwe-S19 kanye nochungechunge lwe-MicroBT lwe-M30.UMinehan uthe akalindele ukuthi imodeli ye-T19 “ibe nomthelela omkhulu okuyimbangela yokukhathazeka ngokushesha,” njengoba “okungenzeka ukuthi lokhu kuwuchungechunge lwamayunithi angu-<3500 wekhwalithi ethile yomgqomo.”Ngokufanayo, uMark D'Aria, isikhulu esiphezulu se-crypto consulting firm Bitpro, utshele iCointelegraph:

“Asikho isizathu esiqinile sokulindela ukuthi imodeli entsha izothinta kakhulu i-hashrate.Kungase kube inketho ephoqelela kakhudlwana kumvukuzi onogesi oshibhile ngendlela engavamile, kodwa ngaphandle kwalokho kungenzeka ukuthi esikhundleni salokho bebeyothenga i-S19.”

Ekupheleni kosuku, abakhiqizi bahlala besemncintiswaneni wezikhali, futhi imishini yezimayini imane iyimikhiqizo yezimpahla, uZhang waphikisana nengxoxo noCointelegraph:

“Ngaphandle kwentengo, ukusebenza, kanye nezinga lokuhluleka, azikho izinto eziningi ezingasiza umkhiqizi ukuthi ahlukanise kwabanye.Umncintiswano ongapheli uholele ekutheni sibe lapho esikhona namuhla.”

Ngokuka-Zhang, njengoba izinga lokuphindaphinda lehla ngokwemvelo esikhathini esizayo, kuzoba nezinsiza ezengeziwe ezisebenzisa “idizayini yokudala yokushisa efana nokupholisa ngokucwiliswa emanzini,” ngethemba lokukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kwezimayini ngaphezu kokusebenzisa imishini enamandla kakhulu.

Njengamanje, u-Bitmain usengumholi womjaho wezimayini, naphezu kokubhekana nochungechunge oluphelile lwe-17 kanye nomzabalazo wamandla oqina phakathi kwabasunguli bayo ababili, uJihan Wu noMicree Zhan, okusanda kuphumela emibikweni yengxabano yasemgwaqweni. .

"Ngenxa yezinkinga zayo zangaphakathi zamuva, i-Bitmain ibhekene nezinselele zokugcina isikhundla sayo esiqinile esikhathini esizayo ngaleyo ndlela baqala ukubheka ezinye izinto ukuze bandise amathonya embonini," kusho uXu etshela uCointelegraph.Wanezela ukuthi i-Bitmain "isazobusa isikhundla sembonini esikhathini esizayo esiseduze ngenxa yomphumela wayo wenethiwekhi," nakuba izinkinga zayo zamanje zingase zivumele izimbangi ezifana ne-MicroBT ukubamba.

Ngasekuqaleni kwaleli sonto, umbango wamandla ngaphakathi kwe-Bitmain ushube nakakhulu njengoba uMicree Zhan, isikhulu esixoshiwe se-titan yezimayini, kubikwa ukuthi uhole iqembu lonogada abazimele ukuba badlule ihhovisi lenkampani eBeijing.

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, i-Bitmain iyaqhubeka nokwandisa imisebenzi yayo.Ngesonto eledlule, inkampani yezimayini iveze ukuthi yelula uhlelo lwayo lwesitifiketi se-"Ant Training Academy" eNyakatho Melika, ngezifundo zokuqala ezizokwethulwa ekwindla.Ngakho-ke, i-Bitmain ibonakala iphindaphinda kabili emkhakheni wezimayini wase-US, osanda kukhula.Le nkampani ezinze eBeijing isivele isebenza kulokho ekuchaza “njengesikhungo esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni” sezimayini e-Rockdale, eTexas, esinamandla ahleliwe angama-megawatts angama-50 angase anwetshwe kamuva abe amamegawathi angama-300.