Eli phepha lagqitywa ngokudibeneyo ngu-V God kunye noThibault Schrepel, unjingalwazi ondwendwe kwiSikolo saseParis seZifundo zezoPolitiko.Inqaku libonisa ukuba i-blockchain inokunceda ukufezekisa iinjongo zomthetho we-anti-monopoly xa umgaqo womthetho awufanelekanga.Ichazwa ngokweenkcukacha kwimbono yobugcisa kunye nezomthetho.Amanyathelo ekufuneka ethathelwe le njongo.
Ulawulo lomthetho alulawuli lonke intsebenziswano yabantu.Njengoko kubhaliwe yiProjekthi yeHlabathi yezoBulungisa, ngamanye amaxesha amazwe aya kuyigqitha imiqobo yomthetho, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha, amagunya asenokungabinabubele omnye komnye kwaye ale ukunyanzelisa imithetho yangaphandle.
Kule meko, abantu banokunqwenela ukuthembela kwezinye iindlela zokwandisa umdla oqhelekileyo.

Xa sijongene nale meko, sizimisele ukubonisa ukuba i-blockchain ngumviwa omkhulu.

Ngokukodwa ngakumbi, sibonisa ukuba kwiindawo apho imithetho yomthetho ingasebenzi, i-blockchain inokuncedisa imithetho ye-antitrust.

I-Blockchain iseka ukuthembana phakathi kwamaqela kwinqanaba lomntu, okwenza ukuba bathengise ngokukhululekileyo kunye nokwandisa inhlalakahle yabathengi.

Ngelo xesha, i-blockchain iphinda incede ukukhuthaza ukuchithwa kwamagunya, okuhambelana nomthetho we-antitrust.Nangona kunjalo, kukho ingcamango yokuba i-blockchain inokuncedisa umthetho we-anti-monopoly kuphela ukuba imiqobo yomthetho ayithinteli ukuphuhliswa kwayo.

Ngoko ke, umthetho kufuneka uxhase ukuchithwa kwe-blockchain ukwenzela ukuba iindlela ezisekelwe kwi-blockchain zikwazi ukuthatha (nangona zingafezekanga) xa umthetho ungasebenzi.

Ngenxa yoku, sikholelwa ekubeni umthetho nobugcisa bufanele bugqalwe njengamahlakani, kungekhona iintshaba, kuba zineengenelo ezihambelanayo nezingeloncedo.Kwaye ukwenza oko kuya kukhokelela kwindlela entsha "yomthetho kunye neteknoloji".Sibonisa umtsalane wale ndlela ngokubonisa ukuba i-blockchain yakha ukuthembela, okukhokelela ekwandeni kwenani leentengiselwano (Icandelo 1), kwaye inokukhuthaza ukunyanzeliswa kweentengiselwano zezoqoqosho kwibhodi yonke (Icandelo 2).Umthetho kufuneka uqwalaselwe xa usetyenziswa (iCandelo leSithathu), kwaye ekugqibeleni sifikelela kwisigqibo (iCandelo leSine).

inxalenye yokuqala
I-Blockchain kunye nokuthembela

Umthetho womthetho wenza umdlalo usebenzisane ngokudibanisa abathathi-nxaxheba.

Xa usebenzisa izivumelwano ezihlakaniphile, kuyafana nakwi-blockchains (A).Oku kuthetha ukwanda kwenani leentengiselwano, eziya kuba nemiphumo emininzi (B).

Ithiyori yomdlalo kunye nentshayelelo kwi-blockchain
Kwithiyori yomdlalo, i-equilibrium ye-Nash iyisiphumo somdlalo ongeyontsebenziswano apho kungekho mthathi-nxaxheba unokutshintsha ngokuzimeleyo isikhundla sakhe kwaye abe ngcono.
Sinokufumana ukulingana kweNash kumdlalo ngamnye ogqityiweyo.Nangona kunjalo, ukulingana kweNash komdlalo akunyanzelekanga ukuba iPareto ibe yeyona ilungileyo.Ngamanye amazwi, kunokubakho ezinye iziphumo zomdlalo ezingcono kumthathi-nxaxheba, kodwa kufuneka enze imibingelelo ngokungenalusini.

Ithiyori yomdlalo inceda ukuqonda ukuba kutheni abathathi-nxaxheba bezimisele ukurhweba.

Xa umdlalo ungasebenzisananga, umthathi-nxaxheba ngamnye uya kuzihoya izicwangciso eziya kukhethwe ngabanye abathathi-nxaxheba.Oku kungaqiniseki kusenokubenza babe mathidala ukurhweba ngenxa yokuba abaqinisekanga ukuba abanye abathathi-nxaxheba nabo baya kulandela ikhondo elikhokelela kukulunga kwePareto.Endaweni yoko, banokulingana kweNash kuphela.

Kulo mba, umgaqo womthetho uvumela umthathi-nxaxheba ngamnye ukuba abophe abanye abathathi-nxaxheba ngekhontrakthi.Ngokomzekelo, xa uthengisa imveliso kwiwebhusayithi, nabani na ogqiba inxalenye yentengiselwano kuqala (umzekelo, uhlawula ngaphambi kokufumana umkhiqizo), usengozini.Umthetho unokunceda ukwakha ukuthembana ngokukhuthaza ookontraka abancinci ukuba bafezekise izibophelelo zabo.

Emva koko, oku kuya kuguqula intengiselwano ibe ngumdlalo wentsebenziswano, ngoko ke kumdla wobuqu wabathathi-nxaxheba ukuzibandakanya kwiintengiselwano ezinemveliso rhoqo.

Kuyafana nakwiikontraki ezihlakaniphile.Inokuqinisekisa ukuba umthathi-nxaxheba ngamnye usebenzisana omnye nomnye phantsi kwemiqobo yekhowudi, kwaye unokunika isohlwayo ngokuzenzekelayo kwimeko yokwaphulwa kwekhontrakthi.Ivumela abathathi-nxaxheba ukuba baqiniseke ngakumbi malunga nomdlalo, ngaloo ndlela befezekisa ukulingana kwe-Nash kwe-Pareto.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukunyanzeliswa kwemigaqo yephasiwedi kunokuthelekiswa nokunyanzeliswa kwemithetho yomthetho, nangona kuya kubakho ukungafani ekuqulunqweni nasekunyanzelisweni kwemithetho.Ukuthemba kuveliswa kuphela ngekhowudi ebhalwe ngolwimi lwekhompyutha (hayi ulwimi lwabantu).

B Akukho mfuneko yentembeko ye-antitrust
Ukuguqula umdlalo ongeyontsebenziswano kumdlalo wentsebenziswano kuya kwakha ukuthembana kwaye ekugqibeleni kuguqulelwe kwiintengiselwano ezininzi ezenziwayo.Esi sisiphumo esihle esamkelwe luluntu lwethu.Enyanisweni, umthetho wenkampani kunye nomthetho wekhontrakthi udlale indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuthazeni uqoqosho lwanamhlanje, ngakumbi ngokuseka ukuqiniseka okusemthethweni.Sikholelwa ukuba i-blockchain iyafana.
Ngamanye amazwi, ukunyuka kwenani leentengiselwano kuya kukhokelela ekwandeni kwenani leentengiselwano ezingekho mthethweni.Umzekelo, oku kunjalo xa inkampani ivuma ixabiso.

Ukusombulula le ngxaki, inkqubo yezomthetho izama ukulinganisa phakathi kokudala ukuqinisekiswa kwezomthetho ngomthetho wabucala kunye nokunyanzeliswa komthetho woluntu (njengemithetho ye-antitrust) kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kweemarike.

Kodwa kuthekani ukuba umgaqo womthetho awusebenzi, umzekelo, xa iindawo zolawulo zingenabuhlobo omnye komnye (imibandela enqumla imida), okanye xa urhulumente enganyanzelisi imiqathango yomthetho kubameli bakhe okanye kumaziko abucala?Kunokufikelelwa njani ukulungelelana okufanayo?

Ngamanye amazwi, nangona ukuphunyezwa kweentengiselwano ezingekho mthethweni ngeli xesha, ngaba ukwanda kwenani leentengiselwano ezivunyelwe yi-blockchain (kwimeko apho umthetho ungasebenzi) kunenzuzo kwinzuzo eqhelekileyo?Ngokukodwa ngakumbi, ngaba uyilo lwe-blockchain luxhomekeke kwiinjongo ezilandelwa ngumthetho wokungathembeki?

Ukuba kunjalo, njani?Oku koko sikuxubushe kwinxalenye yesibini.