Selemong sena, ka ho atolosoa ha lenaneo la lifofane tsa renminbi tsa digital, batho ba bangata ba bile le phihlelo ea tlhahlobo ea tlhahlobo ea renminbi ea digital;liforomong tse kholo tsa lichelete, renminbi ea digital le eona ke taba e chesang e ke keng ea hlokomolohuoa.Leha ho le joalo, renminbi ea dijithale, joalo ka chelete e ikemetseng ea molao ea dijithale, e na le maemo a fapaneng a tlhokomeliso ea renminbi ea dijithale ke mebuso, likhoebo le batho ba hae le kantle ho naha ha ba ntse ba tsoela pele.People's Bank of China le litsebi le litsebi tse tsoang likarolong tsohle tsa bophelo li tsoela pele ho buisana ka renminbi ea digital eo batho ba amehileng haholo ka eona.

Sebokeng sa morao-rao sa International Financial Forum (IFF) 2021 Spring Seboka, Yao Qian, motsamaisi oa Ofisi ea Tsamaiso ea Saense le Theknoloji ea Komisi ea Taolo ea Ts'ireletso ea China, o boletse hore tsoalo ea renminbi ea dijithale e maemong a leqhubu la dijithale.Hoa hlokahala hore banka e bohareng e ntlafatse ho fana le ho tsamaisa thepa ea molao.Lekola chelete ea dijithale ea banka e bohareng ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea tefo ea lithendara tsa molao, ho fokotsa tšusumetso ea lisebelisoa tsa poraefete tsa tefo ea dijithale, le ho ntlafatsa boemo ba theko ea molao le katleho ea leano la lichelete.
Ho ntlafatsa boemo ba tumello ea molao

Ka la 28 Mmesa, molulasetulo oa Fed Powell o ile a bua ka renminbi ea dijithale: "Tšebeliso ea eona ea 'nete ke ho thusa mmuso ho bona litšebelisano tsohle tsa nako ea nnete.E amana haholo le se etsahalang tsamaisong ea bona ea lichelete ho feta ho sebetsana le tlholisano ea machaba.

Yao Qian o lumela hore "ho thusa 'muso ho bona litšebelisano tsohle tsa nako ea nnete" ha se khothatso bakeng sa teko ea chelete ea digital ea banka e bohareng ea Chaena.Mekhoa ea ho lefa e sa sebeliseng chelete ea motho oa boraro joalo ka Alipay le WeChat eo Machaena esale a tloaetse ho tseba ka tekheniki pepeneneng ea litšebelisano tsohle tsa nako ea nnete, tse lebisitseng ts'ireletsong ea lekunutu ea data, ho se tsejoe, monopoly, ponaletso ea taolo le tse ling. litaba.RMB le eona e ntlafalitsoe bakeng sa litaba tsena.

Ka kakaretso, tšireletso ea boinotši le ho se tsejoe ha basebelisi ka renminbi ea digital ke eona e phahameng ka ho fetisisa har'a lisebelisoa tsa hona joale tsa ho lefa.Renminbi ea dijithale e amohela moralo oa "ho se tsejoe ka bongata le ho lateloa ha palo e kholo"."Ho se tsejoe ho ka laoloa" ke tšobotsi ea bohlokoa ea renminbi ea digital.Ka lehlakoreng le leng, e bonts'a boemo ba eona ba M0 mme e sireletsa ts'ebetso ea sechaba e sa tsejoeng le ts'ireletso ea tlhahisoleseling ea motho.Ka lehlakoreng le leng, e boetse ke tlhokahalo ea sepheo sa ho thibela, ho laola le ho loantša ho hlekefetsoa ha chelete, ho tšehetsa lichelete tsa likhukhuni, ho qoba lekhetho le liketso tse ling tse seng molaong le tsa tlōlo ea molao, le ho boloka tšireletso ea lichelete.

Mabapi le hore na chelete ea digital ea banka e bohareng e tla phephetsa boemo ba lidolara tsa US e le chelete ea lefats'e, Powell o lumela hore ka kakaretso ha ho hlokahale hore u tšoenyehe haholo.Yao Qian o lumela hore boemo ba chelete ea machaba ea dollar ea Amerika bo thehiloe nalaneng, mme litefo tse ngata tsa khoebo ea machabeng le litefo tse tšelang meeli hajoale li thehiloe ho lidolara tsa Amerika.Leha li-stablecoins tse ling tsa lefats'e, joalo ka Libra, li ikemiselitse ho rarolla mathata a litefo tse tšelang moeli, ho fokolisa boemo ba chelete ea machaba ea dollar ea Amerika ha se sepheo sa CBDC.Tšebeliso ea lichelete tse ikemetseng e na le moelelo oa eona oa tlhaho.

"Ha nako e ntse e ea, ho hlaha ha chelete ea dijithale kapa lisebelisoa tsa ho lefa tsa dijithale ka sebele ho ka fetola mokhoa o teng, empa seo ke phello ea tlhaho ea tlhaho ka mor'a ts'ebetso ea digitalization le khetho ea 'maraka."Ho boletse Yao Qian.

Mabapi le hore na renminbi ea dijithale e le chelete ea molao ea dijithale e na le taolo e ntlafetseng le taolo holim'a moruo oa Chaena, Qian Jun, mookameli ea ka sehloohong le moprofesa oa lichelete Fanhai International School of Finance ea Fudan University, o ile a bolella moqolotsi oa litaba hore renminbi ea digital e ke ke ea e-ba teng ka ho feletseng. fetola chelete ka nako e khuts'oane., Liphetoho tse ka bang teng li batla li le khōlō.Ka nako e khuts'oane, Chaena e tla ba le lihlopha tse peli tsa mekhoa ea lichelete ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, e 'ngoe ke ho rarolla hantle ha renminbi ea digital,' me e 'ngoe ke chelete ea hona joale e sebelisoang.Nakong e mahareng le e telele, kenyelletso le nchafatso ea theknoloji ka boeona e boetse e hloka phetoho e hlophisitsoeng le ntlafatso le khokahanyo ea litsamaiso tse fapaneng;phello ea leano la lichelete le eona e tla hlaha nakong e mahareng le e telele.
Tsepamiso ea RMB ea Digital R&D

Sebokeng se boletsoeng ka holimo, Yao Qian o bontšitse lintlha tse supileng tsa bohlokoa tseo lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele ea lichelete tsa banka e bohareng li lokelang ho li ela hloko.

Pele ho tsohle, na tsela ea tekheniki e thehiloe ho li-account kapa li-tokens?

Ho ea ka litlaleho tsa sechaba, renminbi ea digital e amohetse tsela ea akhaonto, ha linaha tse ling li khethile tsela ea theknoloji ea chelete e patiloeng e emetsoeng ke theknoloji ea blockchain.Litsela tse peli tsa tekheniki tsa account-based le token-based ha se kamano e felletseng kapa e se nang letho.Ha e le hantle, li-tokens le tsona ke ak'haonte, empa mofuta o mocha oa ak'haonte - ak'haonte e patiloeng.Ha ho bapisoa le liakhaonto tsa setso, basebelisi ba na le taolo e matla e ikemetseng holim'a li-account tse patiloeng.

Yao Qian o itse: "Ka 2014, re ile ra etsa lipatlisiso tse tebileng mabapi le li-cryptocurrensets tse bohareng le tse arotsoeng, ho kenyeletsoa E-Cash le Bitcoin.Ka tsela e itseng, liteko tsa pele tsa lichelete tsa dijithale tsa People's Bank of China le Khopolo ea cryptocurrency e ts'oana.Re labalabela ho laola senotlolo sa cryptocurrency ho fapana le ho kheloha. ”

Nakong e fetileng, banka e bohareng e ne e ntlafalitse mokhoa oa ho hlahisa chelete ea banka e bohareng e thehiloeng ho "banka e bohareng-ea khoebo" tsamaiso ea bobeli.Leha ho le joalo, litšebelisanong tse pheta-phetoang tsa ts'ebetsong, khetho ea ho qetela e ne e le ho qala ka tsela ea theknoloji e thehiloeng litlalehong tsa setso.

Yao Qian o hatelletse: "Re hloka ho sheba nts'etsopele ea chelete ea dijithale ea banka e bohareng ka pono e matla.Ka nts'etsopele e tsoelang pele le kholo ea mahlale a mahlale, chelete ea dijithale ea banka e bohareng le eona e tla monya mahlale a fapaneng a tsoetseng pele le ho tsoela pele ho ntlafatsa sistimi ea eona ea kaho ea botekgeniki. ”

Taba ea bobeli, bakeng sa kahlolo ea boleng ba boleng ba renminbi ea dijithale, na banka e bohareng e kolota ka kotloloho kapa setsi sa ts'ebetso se kolota?Phapang ea bohlokoa lipakeng tsa tsena tse peli e ho kholomo ea melato ea banka e bohareng, e tlalehang chelete ea dijithale ea banka e bohareng kapa sebaka sa polokelo ea setsi se sebetsang.

Haeba setsi sa ts'ebetso se beha 100% ea letlole la polokelo ho banka e bohareng 'me se e sebelisa e le sebaka sa polokelo ho fana ka chelete ea dijithale, chelete ea dijithale ea banka e bohareng e bitsoa CBDC ea maiketsetso machabeng, e ts'oanang le sistimi ea banka ea Hong Kong e fanang ka lintlha. .Mohlala ona o bakile matšoenyeho a Lipatlisiso tsa mekhatlo e mengata e kenyeletsang Banka e Bohareng ea Chaena le Letlōle la Lichelete la Machaba.Linaha tse ling li ntse li sebelisa mohlala oa mokoloto oa banka e bohareng.

Taba ea boraro, na moaho oa tšebetso o mekato e 'meli kapa o le mong?

Hajoale, sebopeho sa mekhahlelo e 'meli butle-butle se theha tumellano har'a linaha.Digital RMB e boetse e sebelisa sistimi e nang le mekhahlelo e 'meli.Yao Qian o boletse hore ts'ebetso ea mekhahlelo e 'meli le ts'ebetso ea maemo a le mong ha se mokhoa o mong.Tse peli li lumellana hore basebelisi ba ka khetha ho tsona.

Haeba chelete ea digital ea banka e bohareng e sebetsa ka ho toba ho marang-rang a blockchain a kang Ethereum le Diem, joale banka e bohareng e ka sebelisa litšebeletso tsa bona tsa BaaS ho fana ka ka ho toba chelete ea digital ea banka e bohareng ho basebelisi ntle le tlhokahalo ea bakena-lipakeng.Ts'ebetso ea sehlopha se le seng e ka thusa chelete ea dijithale ea banka e bohareng ho thusa lihlopha ntle le liak'haonte tsa banka le ho fihlela kenyelletso ea lichelete.

Ea bone, na digital renminbi e na le thahasello?Palo ea phaello e ka lebisa ho fetisetsoang ha li-deposit ho tloha libanka tsa khoebo ho ea bankeng e bohareng, e leng se lebisang ho fokotseng matla a mokitlane oa tsamaiso eohle ea banka le ho fetoha "banka e moqotetsane".

Ho latela tlhahlobo ea Yao Qian, lilemong tsa morao tjena, libanka tse bohareng li bonahala li sa ts'ohe haholo ka phello e nyane ea banka ea CBDC.Ka mohlala, tlaleho ea European Central Bank's digital euro e hlahisitse mokhoa o bitsoang "hierarchical interest calculation system", o sebelisang litefiso tse fapaneng tsa tsoala ho bala phaello ea lichelete tse fapaneng tsa li-euro tsa digital ho fokotsa tšusumetso e ka bang teng ea li-euro tsa digital indastering ea libanka, botsitso ba lichelete. le phetiso ea leano la lichelete.Renminbi ea dijithale hajoale ha e nahane ka lipalo tsa phaello.

Ea bohlano, na mohlala oa phano e lokela ho ba oa phano kapa phapanyetsano ka kotloloho?

Phapang pakeng tsa ho fana ka chelete le phapanyetsano ke hore ea pele e qalisoa ke banka e bohareng 'me ke ea phepelo e sebetsang;ea morao-rao e qalisoa ke basebelisi ba lichelete 'me e fapanyetsanoa ka tlhokahalo.

Na tlhahiso ea chelete ea dijithale ea banka e bohareng e fanoe kapa e fapanyetsanoa?E itšetlehile ka boemo ba eona le litlhoko tsa leano la lichelete.Haeba ke M0 replacement feela, joale e tšoana le cash, e fapanyetsanoang ka tlhokahalo;haeba banka e bohareng e fana ka lichelete tsa dijithale 'marakeng ka ho reka thepa e le hore e finyelle lipakane tsa leano la lichelete, ke phano e atolositsoeng.Phano ea katoloso e tlameha ho hlalosa mefuta ea thepa e tšoanelehang le ho sebetsa ka bongata le litheko tse nepahetseng.

Ea botšelela, na likonteraka tse bohlale li tla ama mosebetsi oa matšeliso a molao?

Liprojeke tsa lipatlisiso tsa lichelete tsa banka e kholo tse entsoeng ke Canada, Singapore, European Central Bank, le Bank of Japan kaofela li lekile likonteraka tse bohlale.

Yao Qian o boletse hore chelete ea dijithale e ke ke ea e-ba papiso e bonolo ea chelete ea 'mele,' me haeba melemo ea "digital" e lokela ho sebelisoa, chelete ea nakong e tlang ea digital e tla fetela ho chelete e bohlale.Liketsahalo tse fetileng tsa likoluoa ​​​​tsa sistimi tse bakiloeng ke bofokoli ba ts'ireletso likonteraka tse bohlale li bonts'a hore kholo ea theknoloji e hloka ho ntlafatsoa.Ka hona, chelete ea digital ea banka e bohareng e lokela ho qala ka likonteraka tse bonolo tse bohlale 'me butle-butle e atolose bokhoni ba eona motheong oa ho nahanisisa ka ho feletseng ka tšireletso.

Ntlha ea bosupa, menahano ea taolo e hloka ho leka-lekana pakeng tsa ts'ireletso ea lekunutu le ho latela melao.

Ka lehlakoreng le leng, KYC, khaello ea chelete e khahlanong le chelete, lichelete tse khahlanong le likhukhuni, le ho qoba lekhetho ke litataiso tsa motheo tseo chelete ea digital ea banka e bohareng e lokelang ho e latela.Ka lehlakoreng le leng, hoa hlokahala ho nahana ka botlalo ts'ireletso ea lekunutu la basebelisi.Liphetho tsa lipuisano tsa sechaba tsa European Central Bank mabapi le euro ea dijithale li boetse li bonts'a hore baahi le litsebi tse amehang lipuisanong ba lumela hore lekunutu ke tšobotsi ea bohlokoahali ea moralo oa euro ea dijithale.

Yao Qian o hatelletse hore lefatšeng la dijithale, bonnete ba boitsebahatso ba dijithale, litaba tsa lekunutu, litaba tsa ts'ireletso kapa litlhahiso tse kholo tsa puso ea sechaba li hloka hore re etse lipatlisiso tse tebileng.

Yao Qian o ile a boela a bontša hore lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele ea lichelete tsa lichelete tsa banka e bohareng ke morero o rarahaneng oa tsamaiso, oo e seng bothata feela lefapheng la botekgeniki, empa hape o kenyelletsa melao le melao ea tsamaiso, botsitso ba lichelete, leano la lichelete, tsamaiso ea lichelete, lichelete tsa machaba le lichelete. masimo a mang a pharaletseng.Dolara ea hajoale ea dijithale, euro ea dijithale le yen ea dijithale li bonahala li ntse li eketseha.Ha ho bapisoa le bona, tlholisano ea renminbi ea dijithale e hloka ho nahanoa ka ho eketsehileng.